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Prose Name : SCIENCE AND HOPE OF SURVIVAL
Author Name : KEILIS – BOROK
CHECK YOUR UNDER STANDING
Al. a. ‘If you are so clever, why are you so poor ?
The professional addressed as ‘you’ in the statement above refers more than others to a _________ (Fill in the blank choosing the best form in the alternative below)
i) scientist ii) lawyer
iii) doctor iv) businessman
The professionals addressed as ‘you’ in the statement is
i) Scientist
2. Read paragraph (1) and (2) carefully, and fill in the blanks in the columns below:
| Professionals | A writer | A scientist | A lawyer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vocation | Writing | Experiment research | arguing |
| Field of activity | Literature | discovery | Justice |
| Reward | Appreciation | honour | Money |
3. A few words are given below. Some of them are related to the field of business, and some are to the field of science. May be a couple of them related to both. Read, discuss and fill them in columns A, B and C accordingly.
Wealth, profit and loss, friendship, rational thinking, ad-vertisement, exploring nature, exploitation of nature, discover, commerce, research, playing to popular sentiments, universality.
| Field of science | Field of business | Both |
|---|---|---|
| rational thinking exploring nature discovery, research universality | wealth Profit and loss, advertisement exploitation of nature Commerce, playing to popular sentiments | Friendship |
4. The writer says, “I found myself in Geneva”. It expressess, more than anything else, the writer’s ______ (Choose the right option and fill in the blank)
i) pleasure ii) surpirse
iii) anxiety iv) annoyance
The writer says “I found myself in Geneva”. It expresses, more than anything else, the writer’s surpise
5. A few statements are made below. Read them and say which of them are true or false according to the text. Tick Yes/No accordingly.
i) The war was going on between the US and the USSR when Geneva meeting was called Yes / No
No
ii) Everyone lived under the fear of annihilation by nuclear weapons. Yes/No
Yes
iii) In the nuclear war, the first who strikes will be the survivor. Yes/No.
No
iv) The three super powers were willing to put a ban on nuclear weapon test. yes / No.
Yes
6. Earth tremors are caused by two factors. One is the earth-quske. What is the other factor?
The other factor is Nuclear Test.
7. Which of the following qualities helped the scientists to come up with a solution to the problem? Which of them did not? Put right or (x) wrong in the boxes accordingly.
self assessment (✔)
self-praise (x)
popularity (x)
experience (✔)
self-discipline (✔)
respect for evidence (✔)
8. What was the important decision that the politicians took before Geneva Summit ?
The important decision that the politicians took before Geneva summit was “Nuclear Test Ban”.
9. “Immersion in science does not go with commonsense”, suggests _______
i) foolishness of scientists
ii) absent mindedness of scientists
iii) that scientists do not bother about the results of their work
(Complete the sentence with the right choice)
ii) absent mindedness of scientists.
10. With whose help can the world be ready with prepared-ness to face the challenges that the natural calamities pose?
With Scientist’s help, the world be ready with preparedness to face the challenges that the natural calamities pose.
11. Write at least the names of three subjects that come under the category of basic science.
The three subjects that come under the category of basic sci-ence are Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics.
12. Who can best ensure our safety in the world?
The Scientists with their tools that are up to the challenge and can ensure our safety in the world.
THINK ABOUT THE TEXT
1. Pursuit of science is an exciting adventure. Do you agree? Can you compare this with other types of adventure like pursuit of sports ? Share your views with your friends.
Yes, everybody could agree that pursuit of Science is really an exciting adventure. When compare to other types of adventure like Sports, Art, Music, Whatever may be the field, Science need deter-mination perseverance and hard work. In all the field especially in science field the major reward comes from the discovery it self.
2. Which sentence in the text suggest that the author was involved more in the theoretical research than in its appli-cation to the warcraft?
The sentence in the text suggests that the author was involved more in the theoritical research than in its application to the warcraft was in the 3rd para. i.e., “I did not give much thought to how it connects with the real life”.
3. “A paradox may refer to a person, a thing or a situation that has two opposite features and therefore seems strange”. In the light of this definition, how is ‘MAD’ a paradox ?
Yes, Really “MAD” was a paradox. Here the two opposite fea-tures were (i) The agreed nations who had the nuclear powers signed to stop the test of the nuclear weapons and the other was ii) if any one of the nations had violated the agreement.
4. What was the ‘problem’ that the nuclear powers had faced ? Was it a violation of the agreement or was it the detecton of violation? Explain briefly.
The nuclear powers had to face both the problems. All nations were not ready to believe the other nations. They had the threat if any country could violate and if they violate how could it be detected.
5. Why were the technical experts summoned by the three superpowers?
The three super powers had eneough nuclear boms to destroy others. If anyone of them used, it would take only 20 minutes to reach their targets, but otherside had plenty of time to reverse action against their enemy. So the three super powers were willing to come to an agreement to solve the problem. Hence they summoned the technical experts.
6. In which area did Keilis Boroks theoretical knowledge have a direct application?
Keilis Borok’s theoretical knowledge had a direct application in the area of survival of the human kind.
7. “Iron Curtain” is referred to as a barrier. It was outwardly difficult for the opposite sides of the iron curtain to find out the solution for the problem of violation of agreement. What was the reason?
Iron curtain was a barrier. It was difficult for the opposite sides to find out the solution. Because the cold war continued, the political tensions were hanging over. The scientists gave up their differences, and worked together irrespective of their nationality.
8. How are the scientists able to work in spite of political and cultural differences?
According to the author the scientists should give up their cul-tural differences and work hard for the benefit of whole mankind. Scientists were able to work, based on respect to hard evidence known to be true something and they were skillful.
ENRICH YOUR VOCABULARY:
Task-2:
Following the example given above, fill in the blanks with cor. rect collocations (appropriate combnation of words) choosing from those given.
The Government sanctioned a few crores of rupees to build a stadium in our town. The builders made a rapid progress with the stadium. While the work was in progress, unfortunately, a boulder rolled down on a worker and he was injured. Immediately, he was rushed to a nearby hospital. I wished him a speedy recovery. The Government took a swift action against the builders. The builders made a prompt payment of the bills of the hospital.
(a speedy recovery, a prompt payment, a swift action, a rapid progress)
Task-3:
Champaka is in Goa. She writes a letter to her friend, Suma. She, consciously uses collocations leaving options for Suma to choose right collocations. How would Suma use them?
Hi Suma
Weather’s fantastic here. We make / walk / take a stroll along the beach every morning. My grandpa made/got/accepted friends with some foreigners here yeesterday. He changed / exchanged /passed some interesting ideas with them. I happened to read an article on climate change in one of the local news papers. It was excellent and said that rising / raising/going sea levels are the menacing /disturbing / changing actors for the ecological balance. They are causing irreparable / inseparable / acute damage to the environment. I will be back in Bengaluru next week and we can discuss more about these things. Take care
Bye,
Champaka
Hi Suma
Weather’s fantastic here. We take a stroll along the beach every morning. My grandpa made friends with some foreigners here yesterday. He exchanged some interesting ideas with them. I happened to read an article on climate change in one of the local news papers. It was excellent and said that raising sea levels are the changing factors for the ecological balance. They are causing acute damage to the environment. I will be back in Bengaluru next week and we can discuss more about these things. Take care
Bye,
Champaka
Task-4:
Match the words in the box on the left with the words that they collocatte with on the right. Note some words shown in the box A may collocate with more than one word in box B. After matching, frame appropriate sentences. You may follow the given examples.
| make lay draw combat raise commit | doubts money crime violence laughter gesture parallel emphasis |
- Sunder’s joke drew hilarious laughter from the audience.
- Amit raised certain doubts about the decisions of the meeting.
- Madhu committed the crime yesterday,
- Ranga laid the carpets parallel to the dias in the hall.
- The Joker made many gestures of good will in the show.
- The two boys combated with little violence.
- The children raised their doubts and asked with the neighbours.
- We draw money from the bank whenever necessary.
- Make up our mind to put emphasize on good habits.
LISTEN AND COMPREHEND
On 18 May 1974, India exploded its first nuclear device code named Operation Smiling Buddha. After about a quarter cen-tury on 11 May 1998, Operation Shakti was carried out. Shakti was the code name of thermonuclear device that was exploded in Pokhran as part of Pokhran II. Pokhran served as a test site. A total of five nuclear devices were detonated during Operation Shakti. Measurements confirmed that there was no release of radio-activity.
Task 1: The teacher reads the passage. Listen to the teacher carefully and fill in the reads the passage. table as the teacher
Code name of first nuclear device : Operation Smiling Buddha
Date of explosion : 18th May 1974
Code name of Pokhran II : Shakti
Test site : Pokhran
Number of nuclear weapons detonated : 5
Type of device : Thermonuclear
Speak well
Task 2: You can write a dialogue persuading your friend to accompany you on a trip to a hill station in Karnataka. You can make use of the following phrases.
You ought to _________
You’d better _________
I would urge you to ___________
Shouldn’t you ________
Dialogues
Rama: Hi Krishna.
Krishna: Hi Rama, How are you?
Rama: I am fine. We are planned to go Mullayanagiri hill station, you ought to come.
Krishna: When will it be?
Rama: Next Sunday
Krishna: O.K. I will see?
Rama: No, No. I urge you to accompany us.
Krishna: You’d better choose to call Govind. I have some work on that day.
Rama: That I don’t know. You should come, Shouldn’t you?
Krishna: O.K. I will accompany you. Bye…
Rama: Bye… Bye…
READ AND RESPOND
Task 1:
Read the given story. The bits of the story are jumbled. you can arrange them in the right order to complete the story. You can also give a suitable title to it.
- “Your candle has burned out, brother,” replied the stranger.
- “I do not need a lantern,” he said. “Darkness or light is all the same to me”.
- The blind man started off with the lantern and before he had walked far, someone ran into him. “Look out where you are going he evetsimed to the stranger. “can’t you see the lantern”?
- In early times in Japan, bamboo and paper lanterns were made with candles inside. A blind man, visiting a friend one night, was offered a lantern to carry home with him.
- I know you do not need a lantern to find your way,” his friend replied. “But if you don’t have one, someone else may run into you. So, you must take it.”
The Suitable title for this story is
The Blind Man
- In early times in Japan, bamboo and paper lanterns were made with candles inside. A blind man, visiting a friend one night, was offered a lantern to carry home with him.
- “I do not need a lantern”, he said. “Darkness or light is all the same to me”.
- “I know you do not need a lantern to find your way”, his friend replied. “But if you don’t have one, someone else may run into you. So, you must take it”.
- The blind man started off with the lantern and before he had walked far, someone ran in to him. “Look out where you are going!” he exclaimed to the stranger. “Can’t you see the lantern”
- “Your candle has burned out, brother”, replied the stranger
Task-2
Edit and rewrite the following article written by your friend for the school magazine on “Rockets”,
Rockets carry satellites and people into space. a rocket burn fuel produce an jet of gas. The hot gas expands and is blast downwards causing a force to push the rocket up. The first liquid fuelled rocket is launched in 1926.it reached 12.5 M. The flight lasted 2.5 seconds. There many kind of rockets. Today rocket such Arianne Sis used to send satellites. It’s size determine whether it is send up by a small or large rocket.
Rockets carry satellites and people into space. A rocket burnsfuel produces an Jet of gas. The hot gas expands and is blast downwards causing a force to push the rocket up. The first liquid fuelled rocket was launched in 1926. It reached 12.5 M. The flight lasted 2.5 seconds. There are many kinds of rockets. Today rockets such as Arianne 5 is used to send satellites. Its size determines whether it is sent up by a small or large rocket.
Learn grammar through communication
Task-2:
Read the conversation between two business partners and complete the passage by choosing the appropriate word/ words given below.
Jane: Good morning, Robert.
Robert: Very good morning, Jane.
Jane: Let’s not waste our time. Shall we begin?
Robert: Sure. I’m rather glad you raised the subject.
Jane and Robert exchanged pleasantries. Jane was eager to get straight into the business. She asked him. Robert accepted and ______ that _______ glad as she _______ the subject.
told her
had raised
if they should begin their talks
he was
Jane and Robert exchanged pleasantries. Jane was eager to get into the business. She asked him if they should begin their talks. Robert accepted and told her that he was glad as she had raised the subject.
Task-3:
Read what happened in a camera shop between the owner, Henry and a customer, Arathi. Complete the paragraph that follows using the given choices appropriately.
Henry: Here’s a nice camera.
Arathi: oh, it’s beautiful!
Henry: That’s a little expensive.
Arathi: How much is it?
Henry: It’s 175 dollars.
Arathi: I think this one will be fine.
Henry showed Arathi a nice camera. She _________ it was beautiful. Henry _________the Camera was a bit costly. Later, She _______ about its price to which he ________ 175 dollars. Finally, Arathi decided to buy it.
a. remarked that b. wanted to know
c. replied that it was d. admired it saying that
Henry showed Arathi a nice camera. She admired it saying that it was beautiful. Henry replied that the camera was a bit costly. Later, she wanted to know about its price to which he remarked 175 dollars. Finally, Arathi decided to buy it.
Task – 4:
Read the conversation between two old school friends and write it in a paragraph in the reported form.
Chandan: I met Rani last week in Mysore.
Raghu: Oh. Does she look the same?
Chandan: There’s a little bit of change in her appearance. But, she remains the same.
Raghu: What’s she doing now?
Chandan: She works for a private company.
Begin with
Chandan told Raghu ________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Chandan told Raghu that he met Rani last week in Mysore. Raghu asked that she was looked the same as before. Chandan replied that there were some little bit of changes in her appearance but she remained as before. Raghu enquired what was she doing! Chandan said that she was working in a private company.
Make Reference
Task – 2:
i. Information on nuclear weapons – Encyclopedia.
ii. Pronunciation of the word “exempli fication” – Dictionary.
iii. Synonym of the word, “natural” – Thesaurus.
iv. The place where first nuclear bombs exploded – Encyclopedia.
v. Variations of the word “inspire” – Dictionary.
vi. To know the spellings of the word, “approximately” – Dictionary.
vii. To collect the information about the things that the scientists need for their research – Encyclopedia.
viii. To find out the phrase that means, “to continue” – Thesaurus.
Extra Multiple Choice Questions
1. Leo Tolstoy was a _______ writer
a. Indian
b. Russian
c. American
d. English
2. Science and Hope of Survival is the prose written by _________
a. Keilis Borok
b. Willian
c. Satish Gujral
d. Words Worth
3. It was 1960, the height of the ________
a. war
b. battle
c. cold war
d. combatment
4. ‘War and Peace’ was the novel written by _________
a. Keilis Borok
b. Gandhiji
c. Premchand
d. Leo Tolstoy
5. Science is an _______ adventure.
a. ideal
b. exciting
c. interesting
d. open
6. If you are so clever, why are you so poor? Was _______ expression
a. General
b. Special
c. Popular
d. Poitical
7. The ________ came from the President of Russian Academy of Sciences.
a. Call
b. Summons
c. News
d. Invitation
8. The author of the lesson doing his research on the theory of ________
a. Science
b. War
c. Mysteries
d. Seismic Waves
9. At that time, every man lived under the threat of ________
a. annihilation
b. war
c. cold war
d. Earthquake
10. The technical experts from the Soviet Union _______ and United Kingdom
a. India
b. Russia
c. United States
d. Geneva
11. “MAD” means
a. Muting Against Destruction
b. Mutual Advise Done
c. Members Against Deed
d. Mutually Assured Destruction
12 _________ strikes ensuring the destruction of their enemies only a few minutes later.
a. Threat
b. Iron Curtain
c. Retaliation
d. Fatal Fate
13. What saved us was a clear and obvious _______
a. distinction
b. record
c. fate
d. research
14. The problem is how can the other powers detect the ______
a. crime
b. fatal fate
c. violation
d. tremors
15. While there is _______ there is hope of Survival and well -being for all of us
a. Support
b. Co-operation
c. Science
d. hope
16. One of the most important decisions of their times: ______
a. Nuclear Bomb
b. Nuclear Test Ban
c. Nuclear Weapon
d. Nuclear research
17. People trained in theoritical physics are ________ by financial institutions
a. supported
b. serviced
c. headhunted
d. appointed
18. _______ the most practical people in the world
a. Politicians
b. Scientists
c. Doctors
d. Engineers
19. The hope and the responsibility for breaking the rest ________ not only on the money, but on intellectual resources
a. agreement
b. oath
c. stalemate
d. order
20. One of the man made disasters are _______ destruction of mega cities
a. Nuclear Bomb
b. Self-inflicted
c. Bombs
d. Cold – war
21. “Ours is the time of contest over issues not completely understood” by
a. scientists
b. Mc George Bundy
c. F. Press
d. Keilis Borok
22. Nobody is satisfied with his wealth, everybody is satisfied with his ______
a. work
b. status
c. wisdom
d. power
23. Only the basic research can create a _________ for developing new disaster preparedness industry
a. challenge
b. problem
c. solution
d. spring board
24. Science is their ________ guardian and caretaker
a. responsible
b. real
c. indispensable
d. ideal
25. Scientific research is an ______ venture
a. exciting
b. interesting
c. engineering
d. important
II. Match the following:
| A | B | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1. merely | a. disobey law | e |
| 2. generated | b. known to be true | c |
| 3. violate | c. something produced | a |
| 4. obvious | d. very useful and necessary | f |
| 5. indisputable | e. only | b |
| 6. indispensable | f. clear | d |
III. Give one word or Name it
- A Russian writer, author of the novel ‘War and Peace’.
- A feeling of freindship when people work together.
- A move to a more important position.
- A great effect on you that you feel very happy.
- One of the best educators on human nature.
- Unfriendly relationship between US and the Soviet Union after the Second World war.
- Something that people do not know anything about it.
- Complete destruction.
- Action against someone who has done something bad to you.
- Making you feel that something bad is going to happen.
- A word made from the first letters of the name of any organisation. e.g. MAD
- A state that continues to live or exist.
- The name for the socio Political border that was believed to exist between Western Europe and the communist countries of central and Eastern Europe.
- Continuing to exist or happen.
- The act of Judging one’s own beha viour or character.
- The knowledge or information about a subject.
- Being absorbed in an activity.
- The most basic or important parts of something.
- Of scientific method of finding out about a crime.
- An act to find people with right skills or experience for a particular job.
- To cause pain or problem for oneself.
- To make something happen very quickly.
- The number equal to one lakh crores.
- A situation in which it seems impossible to come to an agreement or disagreement.
- Something that helps one to start doing something.
- A new activity that involves risk.
- Very useful and necessary
- He was United states National Security Advisor to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson.
Answers
1.Leo Tolstoy 2. Camaraderie 3. Promotion
4. Overwhelming 5. F. Press 6. The Cold War
7. Mystery 8. Annihilation 9. Retaliation
10. Ominous 11. Acronym 12. Survival
13. Iron Curtain 14. Persistent 15. Self-Criticism
16. lore 17. Immersion 18. Fundamental
19. Forensic 20. Headhunt 21. Self-inflict
22. Trigger 23. Trillion 24. Stalemate
25. Spring board 26. Venture 27. Indispensable
28. Mc. George Bundy
About the Author:
Keilis – Borok was born in Moscow, Russia. He received Ph.D., in mathematical geophysics in 1948. He served as the President of International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics.
Keilis – Borok, in Collaboration, had recently used some of his techniques to make Socio – economic predictions with notable success. He used the mathematics of pattern recognition to correctly predict the popular vote winner of Presidential elections in the United States from 1984 to 2008 as well as correctly predicting 128 out of 150 US mid-term Senatorial elections since 1986. He also applied the method for predicting rises in murder rates in Log Angeles, recessions, spikes in unemployment and most recently, terrorist attacks. He died in Los Angeles, California on October 19, 2013.
Keilis – Borok taught at the university of California, Los Agneles. He was the research group leader of the international Institute for Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics, Russian Academy of Science. He was also co director and founder of the Research Programme on non linear dynamics and earthquake prediction of the Abdus International Centre for Thoritical Physics, Trieste.
SUMMARY
This prose is written by Keilis – Borok. He is scientist and doing his research on the theory of seismic waves tremors which is produced during earthquake. There is a popular statement that if the person is so clever, why he is being so poor? Many youngsters want to become a scientists though it didn’t give much money When compared to the other professions like Business, Law, Medicine, According to Leo Tolstoy that a writer is not merely a person who writes. A Writer is a person who cannot live without writing. Similarly the author believed it is true to scientists also. The scientists would get money and honour only after their discovery. Instead of money they get freedom, friendship and independence. The honours and promotions would depend on scientists themselves and they would get the feeling of revealing the secrets of nature.
The present situation is a proof upon the sayings of Frank Press that “An instant understanding, the efficiency of thought and action, and a good feeling that comes, when the like – minded people to work together.
At the time of cold war in 1960 when author was in Moscow and doing his research and involved in his problem; he enjoyed the mathematical challenge. He did not give much importance to how it connects to the real life. One day he got the call from the President of Russian Academy of Sciences. He had received the message from the Palace of nations in Geneva. The technical experts from the Soviet Union, United States and United Kingdom who had possessing nuclear weapons met behind closed doors. The President showed the letter from Geneva, an American Scientists, Frank Press quoted the authors work while arguing with Moscow experts. For his great surprize the author had to attend Geneva conference.
At that time, everyone on the world was living under the threat of destruction which may cause by nuclear weapons. All the three super powers had enough nuclear bombs to destory others: If any one of them used, it would take 20 minutes to reach their targets but the otherside had plenty of time to launch the reverse action against their enemies ensuring the destruction with ominous acronym “MAD”. This MAD gave only thin thread of protecting from the common destructive destiny. The invention of more stronger bombs create more imbalance. So the three nuclear powers were willing to come to an agreement, putting a ban on the nuclear weapon test. Hence, the technical experts were called to solve the problem that arose.
The two problems were (i) The nuclear powers had signed agreement to stop the test of the new nuclear weapons. ii) One of the participants had violated this agreement and secretly made an underground nuclear explosion. The problem was how can the other powers detect the violation?
This problem had a direct connection with the theory of seismic waves. The nuclear explosions produced earth tremors which is similar to those produced by earthquakes. How to identify whether the tremors are from earthquake or by the nuclear explosion. The authors the theoritical knowledge had a direct application in the area of survival of the humankind.
In this critical situation, with political tensions, Scientists and Engineers from the opposite sides of the curtain had to find a solution, it seemed to be impossible. So according to author the scientists should give up their cultural differences and work hard for the benefit of whole mankind. Scientists were able to work, based on respect to hard evidence, known to be true ranking and they were skillful. They were working together to find a solution. Based on this the politicians took the most important decisions of their time Nuclear Test Ban.
From this event the author learnt that
i) he had similar people who think and interact like him all over the world.
ii) There is no need to feel lonely in abroad.
iii) Where there is science, there is hope of survival and well being for all.
There is a general saying that the scientists do not have practical or general sense. In one or the other case it may be true that the famous mathematician while thinking or involved in the subject may wear shoes of different pairs. However if we look carefully we can find the other side of it. Scientists are the most practical people in the world. All new technologies, new branchs of industries from defence to entertainment are the fruit of scientists research. The antibiotics, electronics, biotechnology synthetic fibres, the green revolution, genetic forensic diagnosis etc., The basic scientific research could give us new sources of energy, new mineral deposits and efficient defence from terrorism, cure from cancer, forms of transportation etc., These are all contributions of scientists.
It is very common that the survival of our civilisation is threatened by natural and man made disasters. The most common are earth quakes, self-inflicted destructions of mega cities, environmental great disaster, economic and social crisis. The solid release of radio activity from a nuclear waste disposal, an earth quake in the middle of a dense populated cities, an outburst of mass violence, or any other global disaster can cause millions of casualities. Even it can cause large part of our world uninhabitable and quickens the global economic depression or a war in a “hot” region. These are controlled by known techniques and spent one lakh crores of dollars.
The hope and the responsibility for breaking the agreement depends not only on money but on the intellectual resources. According to French Proverb Nobody is satisfied with his wealth, but everybody is satisfied with his wisdom. Only the basic research can create a spring board for developing new disaster preparedness industry. Mc George Bundy says that “Ours is the time of contest over issues” not completely understood.
Scientific research is an exciting venture into the great unknown. It had great role in human survival. We all safely move by the scientist’s tools.
Finally the author remind us that science is not beginning or end. If it is humanly used, it acts as very useful and necessary guardian and caretaker.
ಕನ್ನಡ ಸಾರಾಂಶ:
ಈ ಗದ್ಯ ಪಾಠದ ಲೇಖಕರು ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ದ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಾದ ಕೇಲಿಸ್ ಬೊರೊಕ್. ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧವಾದ ಹೇಳಿಕೆಯೊಂದು ಹೀಗಿದೆ. (ನೀವು ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು ಇಷ್ಟು ಜಾಣರಾದರೂ, ಬಡವರಾಗಿರುವುದು ಏಕೆ? ಈಗಲೂ ಕೆಲವು ಯುವ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳು ತಾವು ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಾಗಬೇಕೆಂದು ಬಯಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಈಗಾಗಲೇ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಾದವರೂ ಸಹ ಅದೇ ವೃತ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಬಯಸಿದ್ದು ಏಕೆ? ಸಮಾಜದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಇತರ ವೃತ್ತಿಗಳು ಬಹಳಷ್ಟು ಹಣ ನೀಡುತ್ತದೆ. ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ, ಕೈಗಾರಿಕೆ, ಡಾಕ್ಟರ್, ಲಾಯರ ಇವರೆಲ್ಲಾ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಹೋಲಿಸಿದರೆ, ಸುಲಭವಾಗಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಹಣ ಗಳಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ರಷ್ಯಾ ದೇಶದ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಲೇಖಕರಾದ ಲಿಯೋ ಟಾಲ್ಸ್ಟಾಯ್ ರವರು ಲೇಖಕರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೀಗೆ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಬರೆಯುವವರೆಲ್ಲಾ ಸಾಹಿತಿಗಳು, ಆದರೆ ಸಾಹಿತಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಬರೆಯದೆ ಇರಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವೇ ಇಲ್ಲ,ಅವರು ಹಣಕ್ಕಾಗಿ, ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ದಿಗಾಗಿ ಬರೆಯುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಆದರೆ ಹೇಳದಿರೆ (ಬರೆಯದಿದ್ದರೆ) ನಾನು ತಾಳಲಾರೆ ಎಂಬ ಆಂತರಿಕ ತುಡಿತದಿಂದ ಸಾಹಿತಿಗಳಾಗಿರುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಇದೇ ಮಾತನ್ನು ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಿಗೂ ಸಹ ಹೋಲಿಸಿ ಹೇಳಬಹುದು. ವಿಜ್ಞಾನವು ಉತ್ತೇಜನಕಾರಿಯಾದ ಸಾಹಸ. ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಏನನ್ನಾದರೂ ಕಂಡು ಹಿಡಿದ ಮೇಲೆ ಕೀರ್ತಿ ಗೌರವಗಳು ಬರುವುದು. ಮೊದಲು ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಹಣವೇನೂ ಸಿಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಆದರೆ ಅವರಿಗೆ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ,. ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ಸಮಾನ ಮನಸ್ಕರ ಸ್ನೇಹ ಇವೆಲ್ಲಾ ಸಿಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಬೇರೆ ಉದ್ಯೋಗದವರಿಗೆ ಹೋಲಿಸಿದರೆ ಬಡ್ತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಗೌರವಗಳು ಅವರ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಅವಲಂಬಿಸಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಆದರೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಕೃತಿಯಲ್ಲಿರುವ ರಹಸ್ಯವನ್ನು ಕಂಡು ಹಿಡಿಯುವ ಅಪಾರವಾದ ಸಂತೋಷದ ಭಾವನೆಯಿರುತ್ತದೆ.
F. Press ರವರ ಹೇಳಿಕೆಯಂತೆ ತತ್ ಕ್ಷಣ ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವ, ಯೋಚನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕೆಲಸದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ನೈಪುಣ್ಯತೆ, ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಭಾವನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮಾನ ಮನಸ್ಕರೊಡನೆ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ಸಂತೋಷಗಳು ಬಹಳ.
1960ರಲ್ಲಿ “ಶೀತಲಯುದ್ಧ’ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಗರಿಷ್ಠ ಮಟ್ಟವನ್ನು ಮುಟ್ಟಿದ್ದ ಕಾಲ. ಲೇಖಕರು ಮಾಸ್ಕೋನಲ್ಲಿ ‘ಸೆಸ್ಮಿಕ್ ವೇವ್ಸ್’ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮತ್ತು ಭೂಕಂಪದಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಅಲೆಗಳ ಕಂಪನಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಪಟ್ಟಂತೆ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆ ನಡೆಸಿದ್ದ ಕಾಲ. ಅವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಳವಾಗಿ ಮುಳುಗಿದ್ದಾಗ ಎದುರಾಗುವ ಗಣಿತದ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆ, ಸವಾಲುಗಳನ್ನು ಆನಂದಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು. ಆ ವಿಷಯಗಳು ನಿಜ ಜೀವನದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಹೊಂದಿರುವುದು ಎನ್ನುವುದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಗಮನ ಕೊಟ್ಟಿರಲಿಲ್ಲ.
ಹೀಗಿರುವಾಗ ಸೋವಿಯತ್ ರಷ್ಯಾದ ಅಕಾಡೆಮಿ ಆಫ್ ಸೈನ್ಸ್ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಿಂದ ಕರೆಯೊಂದು ಬರುತ್ತದೆ. ಆ ಸಂದೇಶ ಅವರಿಗೆ ಜಿನಿವಾದಲ್ಲಿ ಸೋವಿಯತ್ ಯೂನಿಯನ್, ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಸ್ಟೇಟ್ಸ್ ಮತ್ತು ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ ಡಂ ಮೂರು ದೇಶಗಳ ನ್ಯೂಕ್ಲಿಯರ್ ಶಸಾಸಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಒಂದೆಡೆ ಕಲೆತು ಸೇರಿದ ಸ್ಥಳದಿಂದ ಬಂದಿತ್ತು. ಅಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರಿಗೆ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರು ಒಂದು ಪತ್ರವನ್ನು ತೋರಿಸಿದರು. ಅಮೆರಿಕಾದ ಫ್ರಾಂಕ್ ಪ್ರೆಸ್ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಯೊಬ್ಬರು ಮಾಸ್ಕೋ ಪರಿಣಿತರ ಜೊತೆ ಲೇಖಕರು ವಾದ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದ, ಅವರ ಕೆಲಸವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಸಿ ಬರೆದಿದ್ದರು. ಲೇಖಕರು ಸ್ವತಃ ತಾವೇ ಆಶ್ಚರ್ಯ ಪಡುವಂತೆ ಜಿನೀವಾದ ಸಭೆಗೆ ಅವರ ಆಗಮನವಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ.
ಆಗ ಪ್ರಪಂಚದಾದ್ಯಂತ ಭೂಮಿಯ ಮೇಲಿರುವ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ಪರಮಾಣು ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಚಿಂತೆ ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರು. ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಬಲಿಷ್ಠ ದೇಶಗಳವರೂ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟು ಪರಮಾಣು ಬಾಂಬ್ಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರು. ಆ ಪರಮಾಣು ಬಾಂಬ್ ಉಪಯೋಗಿಸಿದ 20 ನಿಮಿಷಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಶತ್ರುಗಳ ದೇಶವನ್ನು ಧ್ವಂಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಆದರೆ ವಿರುದ್ದ ದೇಶದವರಿಗೆ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟು ಸಮಯ ಸಿಗುತ್ತಿತ್ತು ಅವರು ಕೆಲವೇ ನಿಮಿಷಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಎದುರಾಳಿಗಳ ಈ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನವನ್ನು ನಾಶ ಮಾಡಬಹುದಿತ್ತು. ಈ ಭಯ ಎಂದರೆ Mutually Assured Destruction “MAD” ಇದು ಕೆಲವೇ ವರ್ಷಗಳು ಅವರನ್ನೆಲ್ಲಾ ತೆಳುವಾದ ದಾರದಂತೆ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ನೀಡಿತ್ತು. ಇನ್ನೂ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಶಕ್ತಿಯುತವಾದ ಪರಮಾಣು ಬಾಂಬ್ಗಳ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆ, ಅನ್ವೇಷಣೆ ನಡೆಯುತ್ತಲೇ ಇತ್ತು. ಈ ಬಾಂಬ್ಗಳ ಟೆಸ್ಟ್ಗಳು ನಡೆಯುವ ಸಂಭವವಿತ್ತು. ಆಗ ಮೂರೂ ಬಲಿಷ್ಠ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳು ಸೇರಿ ಒಂದು ನಿಷೇಧವನ್ನು ತರಬೇಕು ಎಂಬ ಒಪ್ಪಂದಕ್ಕೆ ಬಂದಿದ್ದವು. ಅದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಪರಿಣಿತರನ್ನು ಕರೆಸಿ ಈ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗೆ ಪರಿಹಾರವನ್ನು ಕಂಡುಹಿಡಿಯಲು ಆಲೋಚಿಸಿದರು.
ಅಧಿಕೃತವಾದ ಈ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳು ಎರಡು. ಮೊದಲನೆಯದು ಪರಮಾಣು ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳ ಪರೀಕ್ಷೆಯನ್ನು ಈ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳವರು ನಿಲ್ಲಿಸುವುದು. ಎರಡನೆಯದು ಅಕಸ್ಮಾತ್ತಾಗಿ ಈ ಒಪ್ಪಂದಕ್ಕೆ ಒಳಗಾದ ದೇಶಗಳವರು ಒಪ್ಪಂದವನ್ನು ಮೀರಿ ಪರೀಕ್ಷೆನಡೆಸಿದರೆ ಉಳಿದ ದೇಶದವರಿಗೆ ಅದು ಹೇಗೆ ಗೊತ್ತಾಗುತ್ತದೆ?
ಸೆಸಮಿಕ್ ವೇವ್ಸ್ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಡೆಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಸಂಶೋಧನಾ ಥಿಯರಿಯು ಇದರೊಂದಿಗೆ ನೇರ ಸಂಬಂಧವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿತ್ತು. ಭೂಮಿಯ ಕೆಳಗೆ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಕಂಪನ (ತರಂಗ)ಗಳು ಭೂಕಂಪನವಾದಾಗ ಅಥವಾ ಪರಮಾಣು ಬಾಂಬ್ಗಳ ಪರೀಕ್ಷೆಯ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಕಂಪನಗಳು ಎರಡೂ ಒಂದೇ ರೀತಿಯದಾಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಸ್ವಾಭಾವಿಕವಾಗಿ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಭೂಕಂಪ ಹಾಗೂ ಬಾಂಬ್ ಗಳ ಸ್ಫೋಟ ಇವೆರಡರ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸವನ್ನು ಕಂಡು ಹಿಡಿಯುವಲ್ಲಿ ಲೇಖಕರ ಥಿಯರಿಯ ಜ್ಞಾನವು ನೇರವಾಗಿ ಉಪಯುಕ್ತವಾಗುತ್ತಿತ್ತು.
ಹೀಗೆ ಇಡೀ ಮಾನವ ಜನಾಂಗವನ್ನು ಉಳಿಸುವ ವಿಷಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರ ಅನ್ವೇಷಣೆ ಉಪಯುಕ್ತವಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಶೀತಲ ಯುದ್ಧದ ವಾತಾವರಣದಲ್ಲಿ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ವಿರಸ ತಲೆಯ ಮೇಲೆ ತೂಗಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ, ಐರನ್ ಕರ್ಟೈನ್ ವಿರುದ್ದ ಪಕ್ಷದ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು, ಇಂಜಿನಿಯರ್ಗಳು ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗೆ ಪರಿಹಾರ ಹುಡುಕಬೇಕಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಇದು ಹೊರನೋಟಕ್ಕೆ ಅಸಾಧ್ಯವೆನಿಸಿದರೂ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳೂ ಸೇರಿ ಇದನ್ನು ಸಾಧ್ಯ ಮಾಡಬಹುದಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು ತಮ್ಮ ತಮ್ಮ ದೇಶದ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸಗಳನ್ನು ಪಕ್ಕಕ್ಕಿಟ್ಟು ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡಬೇಕಿತ್ತು. ಇದು ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಪರಿಣಿತಿ, ಕಷ್ಟಸಾಧ್ಯವಾದುದನ್ನು ಮಾಡುವ ಮನೋಭಾವ, ನಿಜಾಯಿತಿ, ಸ್ವ-ವಿಮರ್ಶೆ ಇವೆಲ್ಲಾ ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿರುವಂತಹುದು. ಇಂತಹ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳೆಲ್ಲರೂ ಒಂದಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುವ ಪರಿಹಾರ ಇದರಿಂದ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳು ತುಂಬಾ ಪಮುಖವಾದ ನ್ಯೂಕ್ಲಿಯರ್ಟೆಸ್ಟ್ ಬ್ಯಾನ್ ನಿರ್ಣಯವನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಅನುಕೂಲವಾಯಿತು.
ಈಘಟನೆಯು ಲೇಖಕರಿಗೆ ಅನೇಕ ವಿಷಯಗಳನ್ನು ಬೋಧಿಸಿತು. ಲೇಖಕರಂತೆ ಪ್ರಪಂಚದಾದ್ಯಂತ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳೂ ಒಂದೇ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಯೋಚಿಸಿ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ. ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳೆಂದೂ ಒಂಟಿಯಲ್ಲ, ಅದಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಮಿಗಿಲಾಗಿ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನವು ಎಲ್ಲರ ಅಭ್ಯುದಯ ಮತ್ತು ಉಳಿಯುವಿಕೆಗೆ ನಂಬಿಕೆಯ ವಿಷಯವಾಗಿದೆ.
ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ತಮ್ಮ ಸಂಶೋಧನಾ ವಿಷಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಆಸಕ್ತರಾಗಿ, ಅದೇ ಧ್ಯಾನದಲ್ಲಿರುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅವರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಾಪಂಚಿಕ ಜ್ಞಾನವಾಗಲಿ, ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯರ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಯೋಚಿಸುವುದಾಗಲಿ ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲ. ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಗಣಿತಜ್ಞರೊಬ್ಬರು ಹೊರಗೆ ಹೋಗುವಾಗ ತಮ್ಮೆರಡು ಕಾಲುಗಳಿಗೆ ಬೇರೆ ಬೇರೆಯ ಶೂ ಧರಿಸಿದ್ದರು ಎಂದು ಲೇವಡಿ ಮಾಡಬಹುದು. ಆದರೆ ನೀವು ಜಾಗರೂಕರಾಗಿ, ಇನ್ನೊಂದು ದಿಕ್ಕಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಯೋಚಿಸಿದರೆ, ನಿಜವಾಗಿಯೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಾಪಂಚಿಕ ಜ್ಞಾನ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿರುವುದು ತಿಳಿದುಬರುತ್ತದೆ. ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಹೊಸ ತಂತ್ರಜ್ಞಾನಗಳು, ಹೊಸ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕೆಗಳು, ದೇಶದ ರಕ್ಷಣೆಯಿಂದ ಹಿಡಿದು ಮನೋರಂಜನೆಯವರೆಗೂ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳಿಂದ ಅವಲಂಬಿತವಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದುವರೆಗೂ ಕಂಡುಹಿಡಿದಿರುವ ಜೀವ ನಿರೋಧಕಗಳು, ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರಾನಿಕ್ಸ್, ಬಯೋ ಟೆಕ್ನಾಲಜಿ, ಸಿಂಥಟಿಕ್ ಫೈಬರ್, ಹಸಿರು ಕ್ರಾಂತಿ, ಅಪರಾಧ ಪತ್ತೆ ಹಚ್ಚುವ ವಿಧಾನ ಹೀಗೆ ಹಲವಾರು ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನದ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳು ಉಪಯುಕ್ತವಾಗಿವೆ. ಈಗ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನವು ಹೊಸ ಹೊಸ ಶಕ್ತಿಯ ಆಕರಗಳು, ಹೊಸ ಖನಿಜಗಳ ಅವಿಷ್ಕಾರ, ಉಗ್ರಗಾಮಿಗಳ ದಮನ, ಕ್ಯಾನ್ಸರ್ಗೆಗೆ ಔಷಧ, ಹೊಸ ರೀತಿಯ ಸಾರಿಗೆ ಹೀಗೆ ಹತ್ತಾರು ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಜಯವನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸಿದೆ. ಥಿಯರಿಟಿಕಲ್ ಫಿಸಿಕ್ಸ್ (ಭೌತಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ)ನಲ್ಲಿ ತರಬೇತಿ ಪಡೆದವರು ಹಣಕಾಸಿನ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಯ ಸ್ಥಾಪಕರು ಹಾಗೂ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಆದುದರಿಂದ ನೀವು ಯಾವುದೇ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರದಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಮ್ಮ ಜೀವನವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಬೇಕಾದರೂ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಮುಖವಾಗಿ ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಂಡು ಅಭ್ಯಸಿಸಬೇಕು.
ನಮ್ಮ ನಾಗರಿಕತೆಗೆ ಸ್ವಾಭಾವಿಕ ಅಥವಾ ಮನುಷ್ಯ ನಿರ್ಮಿತ ದುರಂತದ ಭಯವಿದೆ ಎಂಬುದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಎಲ್ಲರೂ ಗುರ್ತಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಅವುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಭೂಕಂಪ, ಸ್ವತಃ ತಾವೇ ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಿದ ಪರಮಾಣು ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ದುರಂತ, ಇವು ದೊಡ್ಡ ದೊಡ್ಡ ನಗರಗಳ ಧ್ವಂಸಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇವು ಪರಿಸರ, ಹಣಕಾಸು ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬಿಕ್ಕಟ್ಟನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ. ಪರಮಾಣು ಶಸ್ತ್ರಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳ ತಯಾರಿಕೆಯಿಂದ, ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಯಿಂದ ಬರುವ ನಿರುಪಯೋಗಿ ಪರಮಾಣು ವಸ್ತುಗಳ ವಿಲೇವಾರಿ, ಭೂಕಂಪದಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಗ್ಲೋಬಲ್ ಹಾನಿಯಿಂದ ದೊಡ್ಡ ದೊಡ್ಡ ನಗರಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಲಕ್ಷಾಂತರ ಮಂದಿ ಆಕಸ್ಮಿಕ ಅಪಘಾತಗಳಿಗೆ ತುತ್ತಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಇಂತಹವುಗಳಿಂದ ಪ್ರಪಂಚದ ಬಹಳಷ್ಟು ಭಾಗ ನಿರ್ಮಾನುಷವಾಗಿ, ಮಾನವರ ಜೀವನಕ್ಕೆ ಅನುಪಯುಕ್ತವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದರಿಂದ ಹಣದುಬ್ಬರ ಯುದ್ಧಗಳು ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದು. ಇಂತಹ ಅಪಾಯವನ್ನು ತಡೆಗಟ್ಟಲು ಒಂದು ಲಕ್ಷ ಕೋಟಿ ಡಾಲರ್ಗಳನ್ನು ಖರ್ಚು ಮಾಡಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
ಇಂತಹ ಅಪಾಯ ಸಂಭವಿಸದಿರುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡುವ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿ ಚದುರಂಗದಾಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುಂದುವರಿಯದ ಸ್ಥಿತಿಯನ್ನು ತಲುಪಿದೆ. ಇದು ಹಣ ಅಥವಾ ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಮಾತ್ರ ಅವಲಂಬಿಸಿಲ್ಲ, ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಗಾದೆಯೊಂದು ಹೇಳುವಂತೆ ”ಹಣದಿಂದ ಯಾರೂ ತೃಪ್ತಿ ಪಡುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ಆದರೆ ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆಯಿಂದ ಎಲ್ಲರೂ ತೃಪ್ತಿ ಪಡುತ್ತಾರೆ”. ಬೆಳೆಯುತ್ತಿರುವ ಹಾನಿಯನ್ನು ತಡೆಗಟ್ಟುವ ಸಾಮರ್ಥ್ಯವನ್ನು ಮತ್ತು ಸಿದ್ಧತೆಯನ್ನು ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳು ಮಾತ್ರ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿಸಬಹುದು.
Me George Bundy ಯವರು ತಿಳಿಸಿದಂತೆ ನಮ್ಮ ಸ್ಪರ್ಧಾತ್ಮಕ ಜಗತ್ತಿನಲ್ಲಿ ವಿವಾದಗಳು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ಅರ್ಥವಾಗದ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದೇವೆ.
ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳು ಉತ್ತೇಜನಕಾರಿಯಾದ ಅಪಾಯಗಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿದ ಸಾಹಸ ಕೆಲಸ. ಇದು ಮಾನವ ಜನಾಂಗದ ಉಳಿವಿಗಾಗಿ ಮಾಡುವ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಸಾಹಸ. ವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು ತಮ್ಮ ಸಲಕರಣೆಗಳಿಂದ ಈ ಸವಾಲನ್ನು ಎದುರಿಸಿ ಸುರಕ್ಷಿತವಾಗಿ ಮುನ್ನಡೆಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅಂತಿಮವಾಗಿ ಲೇಖಕರು ಹೇಳುವುದಿಷ್ಟೆ, ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭವೂ ಅಲ್ಲ, ಅಂತ್ಯವೂ ಅಲ್ಲ. ಮಾನವರು ಇದನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಬಳಸಿಕೊಂಡರೆ ಇದು ಅವರನ್ನು ರಕ್ಷಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಪೋಷಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.
GLOSSARY:
Difficult Words Meaning:
Camaraderie = a feeling of friendship when people work together = ಜನರು ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವಾಗ ಇರುವ ಸ್ನೇಹ ಭಾವನೆ.
overwhelming = irresistable by numbers, weights ಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಅಥವಾ ತೂಕ ಮುಂತಾದವುಗಳಿಂದ ಮಿತಿ ಮೀರಿದ
mysteries = something that people do not know anything about it = ರಹಸ್ಯ
seismic waves = the waves comes at the time of earthquake = ಭೂಕಂಪದ ಅಲೆಗಳು
tremors = thrill of fear = ನಡುಕ, ಕಂಪನ
summons = authoritative call =ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಆಜ್ಞೆ(ಕರೆ)
possessing = hold as property = have the mastery of = ಒಡೆಯನಾಗಿರು
annihilation = complete destruction = ಧ್ವಂಸ ಮಾಡು
retaliation = action against someone who has done something bad to you
ominous = making you feel that something bad is going to happen = ಮುಂದೆ ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದಾದ ಕೆಟ್ಟದ್ದು ಗೋಚರವಾಗುವುದು
fatal fate = destrictive destiny = ಅಪಾಯಕರ ಅದೃಷ್ಟ
stand off = a situation in which neither side in a battle can gain an advantage =ಯುದ್ಧದಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾವ ಕಡೆಯವರೆಗೂ ಸೌಲಭ್ಯ ಸಿಗದಿರುವುದು
acronym = a word made from the first letters of the name of any organization e.g.
MAD = Mutually Assured Destruction “MAD” ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಯ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಮೊದಲ ಅಕ್ಷರಗಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿದ ಸಂಕ್ಷಿಪ್ತ ಪದ.
violate = disobey the law / going against agreement = (ನ್ಯಾಯ) ಕಾನೂನನ್ನು ಉಲ್ಲಂಘಿಸು, ಒಪ್ಪಂದಕ್ಕೆ ವಿರುದ್ಧವಾಗಿ ನಡೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು.
distinction = difference = ಭಿನ್ನತೆ, ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸ
indisputable = known to be rue = ಸತ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಹೆಸರಾದ, ವಿವಾದರಹಿತ
expertise = skillful = ಚತುರ, ನುರಿತ, ನಿಪುಣ
eventually = happening under certain conditions = ಕೆಲವು ಸಂದರ್ಭಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಭವಿಸುವ
lore = knowledge or information about a subject = ಒಂದು ವಿಷಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಇರುವ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ಅಥವಾ ಅರಿವು (ಜ್ಞಾನ)
immersion = being absorbed in an activity = ಒಂದು ಕೆಲಸದಲ್ಲಿ ತಲ್ಲೀನವಾಗಿರುವ ಸ್ಥಿತಿ
forensic = of scientific method of finding out about a crime. ಅಪರಾಧವನ್ನು ಪತ್ತೆ ಮಾಡುವ ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ಕ್ರಮ.
headhunt = an act to find people with right skills or experience for a particular job = ಒಂದು ಕೆಲಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಪರಿಣಿತಿ ಪಡೆದವರನ್ನು ಹುಡುಕುವ ಕೆಲಸ.
pharmaceutical = knowledge of preparing medicines = ಔಷಧ ಶಾಸಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ
threatened = indication of coming evil, ಬೆದರಿಕೆ, ಅನಿಷ್ಟದ ಸೂಚನೆ
inflicted = deal forcible, blow, impose as punishment = ಏಟು ಹೊಡೆ, ಗಾಯ ಮಾಡು, ಶಿಕ್ಷೆ ವಿಧಿಸು
catastrophes = great disaster, calamity = ದೊಡ್ಡ ಅನಾಹುತ, ನೈಸರ್ಗಿಕ ಅನಾಹುತ
massive = solid, bulky = ದಪ್ಪವಾದ, ಸ್ಕೂಲವಾದ
casualities = mishap = ದುರ್ಘಟನೆ
trigger = to make something happen very quickly = ವೇಗವಾಗಿ ಆಗುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡುವುದು
trillions = one lakh crores = ಒಂದು ಲಕ್ಷ ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿಗಳು.
stalemate = a situation in which it seems impossible to come to an agreement or disagreement =ಯಾವುದೇ ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಅಸಮ್ಮತಿಗೆ ಬರದಿರುವ ಸ್ಥಿತಿ
spring board = something that helps one to start doing something = ಏನನ್ನಾದರೂ ಮಾಡಲು ಸಹಾಯವಾಗುವ ಸ್ಥಿತಿ (ವಸ್ತು)
preparedness = make ready = ಸಿದ್ಧಪಡಿಸು, ಸಜ್ಜುಗೊಳಿಸು
indispensable = very useful and necessary = ತುಂಬಾ ಉಪಯುಕ್ತವಾದ, ಅಗತ್ಯವಾದ
