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Poem Name : THE SONG OF INDIA
Author Name : V.K. GOKAR
Before you Read
1.What is the poet saying about Indiain the Above lines ? Discuss.
The poet was an Indian saint and patriatic person. He loves his country more than anything. In the above poem he says that India is better than heaven or he even like places. He love his country and the mother [country] loves him and he shall give to other countries and treated that coventry and people as his brothers. Whateven it may be he loves his country India and feels that this country is paradise to him.
UNDERSTAND THE POEM
1.Identify the two speakers in the Poem. what does the speaker want to sing about?
The two speakers are the poet and his mother. The poet or offspring wanted to sing about his country for his mother
2. What are the epics? Why does the poet call the temples as ‘epics in stone?”
Epics are long poem or story about the heroic deeds. In India most of the ancient temples are built by stones and carving many historical or mythological stories on the walls or an the pillers. So the poet called the temples are ‘Epics in stone”.
3. Who does the poet mean by ‘of your children that died to call their own’?
The Soldiers who guard our mother and motherland are mother’s children and they sacrificed their lives for the sake of their motherland. So they are her own.
4. What, according to the poet, is the contribution of the seers and prophets?
The seers and prophets have contributed their valuable lessons and experiences to others.
5. Why is the poet ‘querulous’? What does he want to do?
The poet wanted to sing about the achievements and progress made by the countrymen. He asks his mother (motherland) if she wished to hear about the dams and lakes, about steel mills or of the atomic age the mother asks him to sing songs about ‘strikes’ and about the leaders who emerged after such ‘strikes (revolutions).
So the poet asks her in a querulous (complaining) voice if there were no songs which he could sing for her that he could sing whole -heartedly, a song that is pure and which will remain in memory for a longtime.
6. How is he answered? Describe the vision. (Refer stanza4)
The poet was answered by a wonderful vision. A vision of new and bright future. In the vision he saw the mother (motherland) rise gloriously against the blue sky. The three milky white oceans, ie., the Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean, rose and fell with steady powerful motions. (There was calm on the sea’s). Their waves sent forth a wonderful and illuminated her. She seemed to sit of this illuminating light to write the ‘book of marrow’. (a new reign, a new future’. She foresaw a new ‘destiny’, a new bright future like the bright sun-god, who destroyed darkness with his powerful rays, this new future wiped out the sorrow of her people. This new future will arrive like a ‘clear dawn’. In this new future the sorrows and hardships of her people will flee like a nightmare (baddream). This new future (sun – beam) will act like the ‘Hand that saves’ her people.
7. What do the night, the sun god and the clear dawn represent?
Here the night represents all sorrow the Sun God represents the hand that saves and clear dawn represent the bright future and calmness and the good things.
READ AND APPRECIATE
1.What is the picture of India that you get in stanza 1 of the poem?
In the first stanza the poet describes about the unique features of India. i.e, Himalayan Snow capped mountains and peaks, the three oceans viz.,
The Arabian sea, the Bay of Bengal and The Indian ocean which surrounded our mother India (land region)
2. How does the poet describe the Mother’s anger? Name the figure of speech used in stanza 2.
Angry Mother’s words strike the poets eass like a gong. Here the figure of speech is Simile.
3. Explain the lines ‘A song bathed in the stainless blue unvapouring in the void.’
In the and the poet sang the song which is very remarkable and pure, it was bathed in the firm melodious voice that which does not disappear into nothingness.
4. What does ‘the Motherland writing the Book of the Morrow’ signify?
It means the poet’s desire or wish was the motherland or mother sitting on the throne and write the future of our country. She wrote in the book of morrow. Which signifies the earth’s destiny.
5. Write in brief your vision of the future of India.
According to poet, the future of our country can open up on mothers forehead. It is like earth’s destiny. All the sorrows and sufferings came to an end and the new things and views will come and make the people happy. The Sun God will protect the earth and saves all.
I envision of very bright future for India. A India where there all it people workhard for the development of the country. All Indians should be happy and live harmoniously with each other. There shold be no discrimination and all the people should be treated as equal.
About the Author:
This poem “The Song of India” was written by a well known poet of Kannada Literature Sri Vinayaka Krishna Gokak, commonly called as V.K. Gokak. He was born on 9th August 1909 and died on 28th April 1992. He was the 5th poet to be honoured with the Janpith Award in 1990 for his Epic “Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi”. His Literery movement was “Nanodaya”. His pen name is “Vinayaka”. He got “Padmashri” Award.
SUMMARY
This is one of the popular poem of the poet. Though he was a poet, he was also patriotic person. This is a simple poem, her the poet discribes about the feeling of a person towards his motherland. This word should be in brackets. The language of the poem is versatile, flow like a water. The poem is like a dialogue between he/she (poet) with their mother.
He/She asked their mother that they can sing for her. They questioned their mother that what type of song they want to sing? They explained that they want to sing about the Himalayas, their snow – bound peaks or the three great oceans such as Bay of Bengal, Arabian sea and the Indian ocean which wash her feet or the beautiful dawn with its golden touch of the nature. For this the mother said in a calm voice. She wants the song of beggar, leper or any untrodden people. Or the crowd of the streets, impure or dirty places or any secluded places. The son / daughter (poet) ignores their mother’s request and again asked about the topic of the Song. They continues their talk asking about the song of rock cut temples, Epics in stone or sacrifice of her children and her own children or the inspired persons, famous prophets or the great persons who made great tasks or any worthy pilgrims. Hearing the sons/daughter’s words, mother get upset and angrily she asked to sing about millions of people who toiled and kept their life to great cause, the experienced old people or ignorant people or helpless children who were very meek and dwelt in dark places. These words make the author that his heart beat increased and the words heard a sound of bell and make him to emotinal. This situation is like a great white birds flew in a pitiful manner. He/she become very nervous and asked about the topic of the poem. Even though he was afraid to question her but believed in his work, again he requested her what type of songs she liked whether he can sing about the dams and lakes or any steel mills (factorices and Industries) or ship building yard like Vishakapattanam or any great technologies or any great recognised events or any atomic incidents etc., For this mother rejected and said you may sing on these topics but you can sing about the early and the important strikes, brave men and their goal, their achievements or any class wars and their consequences. The poet complained and in a humble condition he/she questioned that they could n’t sing for her whole heartedly and in a pure love? He/she sang for her. That song was bathed in the stainless blue that means it is very touching and appear into nothingness.
At that time the mother stands. That scene is really extraordinary. She looks like this. Mother was decorated by blue sky, her dress is marvellous, milk white oceans revolve round her. The waves of the oceans were entering and moved with power and make her to sit on lighted throne and she wrote the book of Morrow. Her forehead opened like earths luck. The Sun God eradicate all sorrows. There was the clear down. It was like a nightmare that fled the night and the Sun beam was glowing on the leaves, flowers and plants. All the nature looks like more beautiful and saved by the sun-beam’s unseen hand.
Here the Poet’s intention is that the time will come to establish the new ideals. The poet always encourages the new thoughts and ideas.
ಕನ್ನಡ ಸಾರಾಂಶ:
ವಿ.ಕೃ.ಗೋಕಾಕ್ ರವರು ಬರೆದ ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ದ ಕವಿತೆ ಈ ಪ್ರಸ್ತುತ ಪದ್ಯ. ಕವಿಗಳು ನವೋದಯ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಮುಂದಾಳು ಹಾಗೂ ಅವರ ಶೈಲಿ ಸರಳವಾದುದು. ‘ದಿಸಾಂಗ್ ಆಫ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ’ ಇದು ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆಯ ಶೈಲಿಯಲ್ಲಿದೆ. ನೇರ ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆಯಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದರೂ ತಾಯಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಮಗುವಿನ ಮಧ್ಯದ ಮಾತುಕತೆ. ಮಕ್ಕಳಿಗೆ ತಾಯಿಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಇರುವ ಪ್ರೀತಿ, ಕಾಳಜಿಗಳ ಜೊತೆ ತಾಯಿಗಾಗಿ ಮಿಡಿಯುವ (ತುಡಿಯುವ) ಮನೋಭಾವ ವ್ಯಕ್ತವಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಕವಿಯು ತನ್ನ ತಾಯಿಗಾಗಿ ತಾನು ಯಾವ ಹಾಡನ್ನು ಹಾಡಲಿ ಎಂದು ಕೇಳುವನು. ತಾನು ಹಿಮಾಲಯದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಹಿಮದಿಂದ ಆವರಿಸಿದ ಬೆಟ್ಟ – ಗುಡ್ಡಗಳ ಸೌಂದರ್ಯವನ್ನು ವರ್ಣಿಸುವ ಅಥವಾ ಕನ್ಯಾ – ಕುಮಾರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ತಾಯಿಯ ಪಾದ ತೊಳೆಯುತ್ತಿರುವ ಮೂರುಸಮುದ್ರಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ? ಅಥವಾ ಮುಂಜಾವಿನ ಶುಭ್ರ ಶುದ್ಧವಾದ, ಸೂರ್ಯನ ಪ್ರಥಮ ಹೊಂಗಿರಣದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ಎಂದು ಕೇಳಿದಾಗ ತಾಯಿಯು ಸಮಾಧಾನದಿಂದ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾಗಿ ಭಿಕ್ಷುಕರ, ಕುಷ್ಟರೋಗಿಗಳ, ಬೀದಿಯಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಜನಜಂಗುಳಿಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆಯಾಗಲಿ, ಕೊಳಕು ಹಾಗೂ ಕೊಳಚೆ ಪ್ರದೇಶದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಕೆಟ್ಟ ವಾಸನೆ ಅಥವಾ ಏಕಾಂತವಾಸದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಜಾಗದ ಅಶುದ್ಧತೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡು ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾಳೆ.
ಆಗ ಕವಿಯು ತಾಯಿಯ ಕೋರಿಕೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಗಮನ ಹರಿಸದೆ, ಮುಂದುವರಿಯುತ್ತಾ ತಾನು ಕಲ್ಲಿನ ಅದ್ಭುತ ಸೌಂದರ್ಯದ ದೇವಾಲಯಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ, ಕಲ್ಲಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಕಡೆದ ಮಹಾಕಾವ್ಯಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ತಾಯಿಗಾಗಿ ಮಡಿದ ತಾಯಿಯ ಸ್ವಂತ ಮಕ್ಕಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ಎಂದು ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಇದೆಲ್ಲ ಬೇಡದಿದ್ದರೆ ಪೂಜ್ಯ ಋಷಿ, ಮುನಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಅತ್ಯುತ್ತಮವಾದುದನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ ಸಾಧಕರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಯಾತ್ರಿಕರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ಎಂದು ಕೇಳಿದಾಗ ಆ ತಾಯಿಯು ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ಕೋಪಗೊಂಡ ಸಿಡಿದೇಳುತ್ತಾಳೆ.
ಆ ಮಾತುಗಳ ಲೇಖಕರಿಗೆ ತಮ್ಮ ಕಿವಿಯ ಹತ್ತಿರ ದೊಡ್ಡದಾದ ಘಂಟಾನಾದದಂತೆ ಕೇಳಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಆ ಮಾತುಗಳ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಬಿಳಿಯ ಪಕ್ಷಿಗಳು ಕರುಣಾಜನಕವಾಗಿ ಹಾರುತ್ತಿರುವಂತೆ ಗೋಚರಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಆಗ ತಾಯಿಯು ಕಷ್ಟಪಟ್ಟು ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ಲಕ್ಷಾಂತರ ಜನರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ, ಅಸಹಾಯಕದ ಹಾಗೂ ವೃದ್ಧರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ, ಮುಗ್ಧ ಜೀವಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಕತ್ತಲಲ್ಲಿ ಹುಟ್ಟಿದ ವಿಶ್ವಕರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡು ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾಳೆ. ಈ ಮಾತಿನಿಂದ ದುರ್ಬಲಗೊಂಡ ಕಿವಿಯು ಹೆದರುತ್ತಲೇ ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಆದರೆ ಅವನಿಗೆ ತನ್ನ ಕೆಲಸದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಸಾಧ್ಯವಾದ ನಂಬಿಕೆಯಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಪುನಃ ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ ನಾನು ನಿನಗಾಗಿ ಯಾವ ಹಾಡನ್ನು ಹಾಡಲಿ ? ಅಣೆಕಟ್ಟುಗಳ ಅಥವಾ ಸರೋವರಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ? ಕಬ್ಬಿಣದ ಕಾರ್ಖಾನೆಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಹಡಗು ಪಟ್ಟುವ ಜಾಗದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ? ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕತೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಥವಾ ಈಗಾಗಲೇ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ದತೆಯನ್ನು ಪಡೆದ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆಯೇ ಅಥವಾ ಅಣು(ಪರಮಾಣು) ಯುಗದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡಲೇ ಎಂದು ಕೇಳಿದಾಗ ತಾಯಿಯು ಇದೆಲ್ಲದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆಯೂ ನೀನು ಹಾಡಬಹುದು ಆದರೆ ಈಗ ಮುಷ್ಕರ ಹೂಡಿ. ಅತ್ಯದ್ಭುತವನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ ಪುರಾತನ ಹಾಗೂ ನವೀನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ದೃಢವಾದ ಉಕ್ಕಿನ ಮನುಷ್ಯರು ತಾವು ಹೇಗೆ ಜಾಗೃತಗೊಂಡರು ಮತ್ತು ಯುದ್ಧಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಅದನ್ನು ಬೆನ್ನು ಹತ್ತಿದ ಘಟನೆ ಹಾಗೂ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹಾಡು ಎನ್ನುತ್ತಾಳೆ. ಈ ಮಾತನ್ನು ಆಕ್ಷೇಪಿಸಿದ ಕವಿಯು ಪ್ರಶ್ನೆ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೆ ಅಮ್ಮಾ. ನಾನು ನೀನಗಾಗಿ ಶುದ್ಧ ಮನಸ್ಸಿನಿಂದ ಹಾಗೂ ಪ್ರೀತಿಯಿಂದ ಹಾಡುವ ಹಾಡು ಯಾವುದೂ ಇಲ್ಲವೇ ? ಎಂದು ಹಾಡಿದ ಅವನ ಹಾಡು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ದೃಢವಾದ ಶಕ್ತಿಯುವ ಪದಗಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿತ್ತು. ಆ ಹಾಡು ಶೂನ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಜನಿಸಿದಂತೆ, ಶೂನ್ಯದಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿ, ಹೃದಯ ಸ್ಪರ್ಶಿಯಾಗಿತ್ತು.
ಆ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ ತಾಯಿಯು ಎದ್ದು ನಿಲ್ಲುತ್ತಾಳೆ. ಆ ದೃಶ್ಯವು ಹೀಗೆ ಕಾಣಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಅವಳು ನೀಲಿಯ ಆಕಾಶದಂತಹ ವಸ್ತ್ರಗಳಿಂದ ಅಲಂಕರಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದ್ದಾಳೆ. ಹಾಲಿನ ನೊರೆಯಂತಹ ಸಮುದ್ರವು ಅಧಿಕಾರಯುಕ್ತವಾಗಿ ಸುತ್ತಲೂ ಆವರಿಸಿ ಸುತ್ತುತ್ತಿದೆ. ಅದರ ಅಲೆಗಳು ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುವ ರೀತಿ ಮೋಹಕವಾಗಿದ್ದು, ಅದು ಬೆಳಕಿನ ಸಿಂಹಾಸನದ ಮೇಲೆ ಕುಳಿತ ತಾಯಿ ‘ನಾಳೆಯ ಪುಸ್ತಕ’ವನ್ನು ಬರೆಯುತ್ತಿರುವಂತೆ ಗೋಚರಿಸುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಅವಳ ಹಣೆಯು ಭೂಮಿಯ ಅದೃಷ್ಟದಂತೆ ತೆರೆದು ಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿತ್ತು. ಸೂರ್ಯ ದೇವನು ಪ್ರವೇಶಿಸುತ್ತಾ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ದುಃಖಗಳನ್ನು ನಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ಹೋಗಲಾಡಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದನು. ಇದು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಶುಭ್ರವಾದ ಮುಂಜಾವಾಗಿತ್ತು. ದುಃಸ್ವಪ್ನದಂತೆ ರಾತ್ರಿಯ ಕೊಳತು ಮಾಯವಾಗಿ ಸ್ವಚ್ಛವಾದ, ಸುಂದರವಾದ ನಿಸರ್ಗವು ಸೂರ್ಯನ ಹೊಂಗಿರಣದಿಂದ ಹೊಳೆಯುತ್ತಿತ್ತು ಅಗೋಚರವಾದ ಸೂರ್ಯ ರಶ್ಮಿಯ ಕೈಗಳು ಇದನ್ನು ರಕ್ಷಿಸಿತ್ತು.
ಕವಿ ಕವಿಯ ಉದ್ದೇಶ ಮುಂದಿನ ಜನಾಂಗ ಆದರ್ಶನಮಯ ವಿಚಾರಗಳನ್ನು ಹರಡಲು ಶ್ರಮಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಪದ್ಧತಿಯನ್ನು ತೊರೆದು, ಹೊಸ ಹೊಸ ವಿಚಾರಗಳನ್ನು ಅಳವಡಿಸಿ ಕೊಳ್ಳುವದರ ಮೂಲಕ ನವೋದಯ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಜಾರಿಗೆ ಬಂದಿತು.
GLOSSARY:
streaks = irregular line or band, ನಿಯಮಿತ ಗೆರೆ ಅಥವಾ ಪಟ್ಟಿ
imperturbable = calm, ಸಮಾಧಾನವಾಗಿ
leper = person with leprosy, ಕುಷ್ಟ ರೋಗಿ
sylvan retreats = a place of seclusion in deep woods, ದಟ್ಟವಾದ ಕಾಡಿನಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಏಕಾಂತ ಸ್ಥಳ
wash your palm = sweep along the coastline, ಕಡಲ ತೀರದಲ್ಲಿ ಎಲ್ಲರೂ ಕೊಚ್ಚಿಹೋದಂತೆ.
swarm = crowd, crowded, ಗುಂಪು, ಕಕ್ಕಿರಿದಿರುವ
A pitiful thing = it refers to the poethimself, ಕವಿ ತನ್ನನ್ನೇ ಹಾಗೆ ಎಂದು ವರ್ಣಿಸಿ ಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದಾನೆ.
indexing = indicating, ಗುರ್ತು ಮಾಡಿ ಕೋರಿಸುವುದು.
put on the page = to get recognition, ಗುರ್ತಿಸಲ್ಪಟಿರುವ
seers = inspired persons
prophet = a person believed to be sent by God to teach people about his intentions. ಋಷಿ, ಪ್ರವಾದಿ, ದಿವ್ಯಜ್ಞಾನಿ
hewed = formed ಕಡಿದು ಹಾಕು, ಛೇದಿಸು
indignant = moved by anger, ಕೋಪಗೊಂಡ
gong = resonant metal disk, ಗಂಟೆ
wrinkeed = creased ಸುಕ್ಕಾದ
bleak = without hope ಯಾವ ಭರವಸೆಯಿಲ್ಲದ
deeming = believe, ನಂಬಿಕೆಯಿರುವ
strikes = deal a effective work, ಗುರಿಗಾಗಿ ಹೋರಾವ
wake = track of ship in water, ಹಡಗು ಮುಂದೆ ಹೋದಂತೆಲ್ಲ ಹಿಂದೆ ಕಾಣಿಸುವ ಮಾರ್ಗ
correlate = closely following, ಬೆನ್ನು ಹತ್ತಿ, ಹಿಂಬಾಲಿಸು
querulous = complaining, ಆಕ್ಷೇಪಿಸು, ದೂರುತ್ತಾ
heart whole = complete, ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ವಾಗಿ, ಮನಃ ಪೂರ್ವಕವಾಗಿ
unalloyed unvapouring= pure, ಶುದ್ಧವಾದ
in the void = that which does not disappear into nothing ness, ಮಾಯವಾಗದಂತಹ
iron men = harsh men, ಒರಟಾದಶಕ್ತಿಯುವ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ
in their wake = who come right behind them ಜಾಗ್ರತರಾಗಿ ಸರಿಯಾದ ದಾರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮುನ್ನುಗ್ಗುವ
class – war = conflict between the privileged and the under privileged, ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಹಾಗೂ ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಜನರ ಮಧ್ಯೆ ನಡೆದ ಯುದ್ಧ.
void = empty
vacant = empty, not occupied ಬರಿದಾದ, ಶೂನ್ಯ
drapped = adorm with cloth, ವಸ್ತ್ರದಿಂದ ಅಲಂಕರಿಸಿದಂತೆ
heaved = moved with power, ಅಧಿಕಾರಯುಕ್ತವಾಗಿ ನಡೆಯುವುದು
morrow = day that follows,
morrow = ಮರುದಿನ, ನಾಳೆ, future
night more = like a dream, ಸ್ವಪ್ನದಂತೆ, ಕನಸಿನಂತೆ
entrancing = fill someone with wonder and delight, ಬೆರಗುಗೊಳಿಸು
enthroning = place on the throne, ಸಿಂಹಾಸನದ ಮೇಲೆ ಕೂಡಿಸು
